Tuesday, February 25, 2014

Jaguar F-Type R Coupe (2015)

The all-aluminium Jaguar F-Type Coupé - the most dynamically capable, performance-focused sports car that Jaguar has ever produced - is available in three versions: F-Type R, F-Type S and the F-Type.
The range-topping Jaguar F-Type R Coupé is powered by Jaguar's 5.0-litre supercharged V8 engine in 550PS/680Nm tune, delivering acceleration to 60mph in 4.0-seconds, and a top speed of 186mph (electronically limited).
The F-Type S Coupé and F-Type Coupé are powered by Jaguar's 3.0-litre V6 supercharged petrol engines in 380PS/460Nm and 340PS/450Nm forms respectively, giving 0-60mph in 4.8/5.1-seconds and top speeds of 171/161mph.
The Jaguar F-Type Coupé embodies the uncompromised design vision of the stunning Jaguar C-X16 concept sports coupé that debuted at the 2011 Frankfurt Motor Show, its dramatic cabin-rearward stance being defined by three heartlines. The first two heartlines - shared with F-Type Convertible - form the muscular front and rear wings, the third heartline being the sweeping Coupé roof profile which provides an unbroken silhouette while emphasising the visual drama of the tapered cabin sitting between powerful rear haunches.
"The F-Type Coupé provides its driver with a unique sports car experience. It combines seductive design with cutting-edge technology and performance which is truly breathtaking. Engaging, precise, intuitive and alive - it is the definitive sports Coupé." Phil Popham, Group Marketing Director, Jaguar Land Rover


Jaguar's expertise in aluminium technology has enabled the design vision for the F-Type Coupé to be delivered in a lightweight yet extremely strong bodyshell. Torsional rigidity for all F-Type Coupé variants is 33,000 Nm/degree - greater than in any previous production Jaguar - this rigidity providing the basis for excellent dynamic attributes.
The F-Type Coupé's body side is made from a single-piece aluminium pressing, probably the most extreme cold-formed aluminium body side in the automotive industry, eliminating the requirement for multiple panels and cosmetic joints. The roof panel itself is available in either aluminium or panoramic glass form. A deployable rear spoiler sits within the tapered shut-line of the F-Type Coupé, while slim, wrap-around LED lamps flank a beautifully engineered tailgate, with optional powered open/close functionality.
To deliver assured, progressive handling in line with its 550PS output, the range-topping Jaguar F-Type R Coupé features a bespoke suspension set-up and new dynamic technologies. These include a second-generation Electronic Active Differential (EAD) and - for the first time on a Jaguar - Torque Vectoring by braking, these systems working in parallel to provide immediacy of response and exploitable handling. The EAD system automatically redistributes engine torque between the rear wheels to ensure excellent on-the-limit control, while Torque Vectoring by braking intelligently applies precisely metered braking force to the inner wheels as necessary during cornering to enhance agility. Sports suspension with Adaptive Dynamics damping and Configurable Dynamic Mode further enhance the F-Type R's immediacy of response, providing an exhilarating and involving driving experience.
F-Type R and F-Type S Coupé models also have the option of Carbon Ceramic Matrix (CCM) brakes which offer absolute consistency of performance and excellent fade resistance, as well as a total unsprung-weight saving of 21kg.
Every F-Type Coupé model utilises Jaguar's eight-speed close-ratio Quickshift transmission which is optimised for sporting performance, with full manual sequential control from the central SportShift selector or steering wheel-mounted paddles.
The F-Type Coupé range complements the existing three-car F-Type Convertible model line-up; the V6-engined F-Type (340PS) and F-Type S (380PS), and the 495PS F-Type V8 S.



DESIGN AND STRUCTURE
Visual appeal is fundamental to Jaguar and, as such, the F-Type Coupé is immediately recognisable, building on the design of the stunning C-X16 concept sports Coupé and the F-Type Convertible - winner of the 2013 'World Car Design of the Year' award.
"Creating a sports Coupé is the purest of design tasks, and also the most challenging; get it right and aesthetically the result will be as dynamic as the car should be rewarding to drive. In F-Type Coupé, I believe we've got it right. The purity of the C-X16 concept has been retained without compromise; the F-Type Coupé's long bonnet, low roofline and tapering cabin inspire me every time I see it." Ian Callum, Director of Design, Jaguar
The F-Type Coupé visual message is defined by three key 'heartlines', that visual message beginning with the formidable grille. It is from the twin 'shark gill' openings that sit either side of the grille that the essential first heartline - which mirrors the design of the F-Type Convertible - flows and begins to take shape. Running up through the headlamp, and accentuated by the LED 'J blade' daylight running lamps, the line then arcs up over the front wheelarch before dropping elegantly as it runs through the door, washing out into the muscular rear haunch.
The Coupé's second heartline, also shared with the Convertible, begins at the rear edge of the door, swelling outwards and upwards to create a visually strong wheelarch, emphasising the car's rear-wheel drive layout, before dropping vertically through the tail lamp.
The third heartline forms the Coupé's dramatic, cabin-rearward, sweeping roof profile. Providing an unbroken silhouette, it highlights the visual drama of the tapered cabin nestled between the powerful rear haunches. The distinctive side window graphic, finished as standard in bright aluminium, accentuates both the compactness of the car and the roof profile.
Jaguar's expertise in aluminium vehicle architecture has been essential in enabling both the F-Type Coupé's uncompromised design aesthetic, while delivering the fundamental dynamic attributes - essential to any sports car - of low mass and an extremely rigid body. Measuring 33,000 Nm/degree, the F-Type Coupé is the most torsionally rigid production car Jaguar has ever built.
A fundamental requirement for excellent dynamic attributes, delivering that rigidity figure required some innovative engineering solutions in order to maximise strength without impacting on the design vision. Due to the lack of B-pillars, Jaguar's engineers were presented with the challenge of keeping the design's sleek, pillarless, low roofline - combined with the need to create the optimum amount of interior space - while still achieving the necessary rigidity and strength targets. The solution was a high-strength, hydro-formed aluminium alloy beam which runs from the front of the A-pillar through to the back of the D-pillar, through the door opening line and back to the rear quarter window.
The F-Type Coupé is available with either aluminium or panoramic glass roof panels that are bonded into the main roof structure - torsional rigidity is identical regardless of which roof is fitted.


































The F-Type Coupé's dramatic body sides are single-piece aluminium pressings - probably the most extreme cold-formed aluminium body side outer panels in the automotive industry. These exceptionally deep-draw aluminium pressings have totally eliminated the requirement for joints in the panel surface. The body side panel is fabricated from high-strength and formable AC600 aluminium, which has also been used for structural reinforcement - both engineering firsts for Jaguar. The use of AC300 T61 aluminium in the body structure of the car provides additional strength thanks to its energy absorbing properties, ensuring maximum occupant protection.
In order to achieve the required aesthetic at the rear of the car, the F-Type Coupé features a hidden rear spoiler that sits within the tapered shut-line of the tailgate, and rises at speed in order to balance front and rear lift. The spoiler automatically rises at 70mph and lowers when the speed drops below 50mph, reducing lift by up to 120kg.
The width of the tail is emphasised by the slim, full-LED lamps that wrap all the way around the wings almost to the trailing edge of the rear wheelarches. These lamps feature hidden-until-lit technology, appearing solid until one of their functions is activated. The F-Type Coupé also features a 'ribbon of light' LED high-mounted stop light, which is hidden at the top of the beautifully engineered tailgate. The tailgate, available with powered open/close functionality, is made from composite materials, the boot-volume itself being up to 407-litres.
Aluminium forms a significant part of Jaguar's commitment to sustainability with up to half the content of the body coming from recycled metal. In addition, the F-Type Coupé's structure is exclusively riveted and bonded - this manufacturing process emits up to 80% less CO2 compared to that from welding a comparable steel structure. Jaguar is also rolling out its closed-loop aluminium recycling system to its suppliers, ensuring all offcuts of metal from the manufacturing process are reused.



F-TYPE R COUPE
The Jaguar F-Type R Coupé represents the pinnacle of the F-Type range. Powered by Jaguar's 5.0-litre supercharged petrol V8 all-aluminium engine in 550PS and 680Nm form, the F-Type R Coupé achieves headline figures of 0-60mph in 4.0-seconds with an electronically limited top speed of 186mph, 50-75mph taking a mere 2.4-seconds. CO2 emissions are 259g/km.
"The F-Type R Coupé represents the pinnacle of Jaguar's R Performance range - its power, performance and immediacy of response will reward the most enthusiastic of drivers while, most importantly, we've engineered the chassis to provide exploitable handling that inspires confidence. It's precise, and it's fast… a true driver's car." Mike Cross, Chief Engineer, Vehicle Integrity, Jaguar
The R Coupé's supercharged engine delivers not only exhilarating performance but also tremendous efficiency thanks to the technologies incorporated into it, including spray-guided direct injection (SGDI) and dual independent variable cam timing (DIVCT). The high-pressure die-cast lightweight aluminium block is stiffened with cast-iron liners and cross-bolted main bearing caps, providing refinement to match its power. The four-valve cylinder heads are constructed from high-grade, bespoke aluminium, between them sitting the Roots-type twin vortex supercharger fed by two intercoolers, which feature their own water-cooling circuit to reduce the temperature of the pressurised air, thereby optimising power and efficiency.
The torsional rigidity of the Jaguar F-Type R Coupé's aluminium structure has ensured the best possible basis for offering the connected feel, agility and engaging driving experience expected of a Jaguar sports car. Every response, from the steering to the gearchange, throttle, brakes and the all-round double wishbone suspension, has been finely honed to be accurate, involving and immediate.
The F-Type R Coupé is fitted with Jaguar's Adaptive Dynamics system that actively controls vertical body movement, roll and pitch rates. The system continuously monitors driver inputs and the attitude of the car on the road, adjusting damper rates accordingly up to 500 times a second to optimise stability. For the F-Type R, the Adaptive Dynamics controlling software has a bespoke tune, working in tandem with revised spring rates all-round to deliver consistent, progressive and exploitable handling. Spring rates are increased by 4.3% at the front and 3.7% at the rear (compared to F-Type V8 S Convertible).
Engaging Dynamic mode delivers an even more focused driving experience thanks to enhanced body control through firmer damping rates, increased steering weighting, faster gear changes and sharper throttle response. In the F-Type R Coupé, Dynamic mode is configurable as standard via the central 8in touchscreen, allowing the driver to select and save settings according to their preference.
In addition to the fundamental suspension tune changes, the Jaguar F-Type R Coupé features a new second-generation Electronic Active Differential which, for the first time on a Jaguar, works in conjunction with Torque Vectoring by braking. Together, the two systems ensure agility at all speeds and exploitable on-the-limit handling.



The F-Type R Coupé's Electronic Active Differential (EAD) builds on the progressive handling advantages of a mechanical limited-slip differential by intelligently controlling the amount of driveline torque fed to each wheel. The EAD utilises an electric motor which operates a multiplate clutch; by rapidly and continuously analysing a range of electronic inputs it is able to immediately vary torque transfer to each driven wheel to maximise traction in any condition.
The EAD system fitted to the F-Type R Coupé features a highly sophisticated second-generation controller. It continuously estimates surface friction, comparing that to the driver's torque demand and delivering accurate locking torque as a result. A new handling controller also means the EAD has the ability to match the car's response more accurately with the driver's inputs during both on-power understeer or off-power oversteer conditions. Working in parallel with the Torque Vectoring by braking system, the controller is capable of reacting to the ECU's torque request - ranging from open to full locking torque - in under 200 milliseconds.
Torque Vectoring by braking - a standard feature on F-Type R Coupé - applies finely metered braking torque individually to the inner wheels as necessary, helping to turn the car into corners more precisely. Using the Jaguar F-Type R Coupé's array of electronic sensors, the Torque Vectoring system determines when corner entry speed may induce understeer. It then calculates the level of brake force needed to correct the car's direction and, via the ABS system, applies that precise braking force to individual inner wheels as necessary. Torque Vectoring by braking works at a subtle level, both correctively and predictively, finely adjusting the trajectory of the F-Type R Coupé for optimal handling.
The F-Type R's EAD and Torque Vectoring by braking systems - which work together with the car's Dynamic Stability Control system - complement each other to optimise traction, cornering ability and, most importantly, to maximise steering feel and agility. Torque Vectoring by braking works to fine-tune trajectory around a corner, and as the car is pushed further to its limits, there is a natural, seamless transition to EAD.
As a result, the use of available grip is always optimised, enabling the F-Type R Coupé to carry more speed both into, through and out of corners, while delivering precision handling during high-speed manoeuvres.
The Jaguar F-Type R Coupé uses Jaguar's Super Performance braking system as standard. This system features 380mm front and 376mm rear discs - with red or black painted calipers. Brake cooling is optimised via under-body channelling of air, the air-flow being derived through the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics analysis.
The R Coupé is also available with optional Carbon Ceramic Matrix (CCM) brakes which offer consistent performance and excellent fade resistance even during extreme performance driving conditions, while retaining the precise pedal feel of the standard system and extending disc life in everyday driving use.
The F-Type's eight-speed 'Quickshift' transmission has been recalibrated to make the best use of the F-Type R Coupé's 550PS engine. Its eight, closely-stacked, sporting ratios help to fully exploit the engine's rev range and ensure that it remains within its optimal power band with every gearchange. Manual control is available to the driver at any time, using either the steering wheel-mounted paddles or the central SportShift selector.
The F-Type R Coupé's switchable Active Sports Exhaust system - with its signature quad, outboard-mounted tailpipes - takes the aural excitement delivered by the 550PS engine to new levels. It offers an authentic, rich sound, developing to a howling crescendo as the upper limits of the rev range are reached. The system uses electronically controlled bypass valves in the rear section of the exhaust which are mapped to open according to a range of parameters, effectively altering the exhaust gas routing into a free-flowing straight-through arrangement to both reduce back pressure and enhance sound quality. Selecting Dynamic mode also opens the bypass valves, an optional override button enabling further driver control of the system.
The Jaguar F-Type R Coupé's aerodynamic bodywork - gloss black front vanes beneath the shark gills and flat side sill extensions - aid its stability at the very high speeds of which it is capable. As standard the R Coupé's window finishes are highlighted in bright anodised aluminium along the frames of the side glass, with the grille surround and side air vents in bright chrome, while the optional Black Pack adds gloss black window finishers, gloss black side power air vents and a gloss black grille surround. The front splitter, side power vents, door mirrors casings, bonnet power vents and engine cover are also available in carbon fibre.
20in 'Gyrodyne' wheels in silver finish are standard on the F-Type R Coupé, while a dark grey and diamond-turned version is optional. As on any F-Type specified with 20in wheels, the F-Type R Coupé is available with optional ultra-high performance tyres which, with a unique tread pattern, offer additional steering precision, and increased levels of grip for the enthusiast driver.
Interior
Like all models in the F-Type range, the R Coupé's driver-focused cabin clearly conveys the car's pedigree and sporting prowess, through a combination of taut, technical styling, involving interfaces and premium materials and textures.
The Jaguar F-Type R Coupé's Performance seats have inflatable side-bolstering and prominent wings for support during high-speed cornering. The seats are finished in premium leather, with the 'R' logo embossed on the headrest. A pure 'Jet' interior colourway is offered with three options of contrast stitching - Ivory, Red or Firesand - on the instrument panels, door casings, grab-handle highlight and cubby box. There are a further three sporting options on the Jet seats - Ivory, Camel or Red duo-tones, each with similarly-matched contrast stitching.
The Jaguar F-Type R Coupé's premium trim also includes leather on the instrument panel and binnacle, armrests, door inserts and the centre console. Leather or Suedecloth headlinings are optional. The driver-focused cockpit conveys its sporting intentions with a small-diameter, flat-bottomed steering wheel wrapped in Jet leather with the R logo. A round wheel is a no-cost option.
A new, full leather and Suedecloth Jet interior (with Cirrus contrast stitch) is also optional on all derivatives. Suedecloth is used on the seat facings, door casings, instrument binnacle pods and headlining - and can also be combined with a Suedecloth steering wheel.
F-TYPE COUPÉ AND S COUPÉ
The Jaguar F-Type Coupé is also available in two V6-supercharged powered petrol variants, both driving the rear wheels through eight-speed Quickshift transmissions; the F-Type Coupé and the F-Type S Coupé. Featuring the same rigid yet lightweight Coupé bodyshell as the F-Type R, and combined with a finely tuned focus on ride, handling and performance, both the F-Type Coupé and F-Type S Coupé are true drivers' cars.
The F-Type Coupé is powered by Jaguar's 3.0-litre V6 supercharged petrol engine in 340PS/450Nm tune, and is capable of 0-60mph in 5.1-seconds with an electronically limited top speed of 161 mph. Standard features include Dynamic Mode, sports exhaust - both V6 models use twin, centrally-mounted tailpipes - sports suspension and Jaguar's Performance Braking system (354/325mm discs front/rear) with silver calipers. The F-Type Coupé is fitted as standard with 18in Vela wheels, partial leather/Suedecloth sports seats and a leather steering wheel with black paddles.
The F-Type S Coupé, powered by Jaguar's 3.0-litre V6 supercharged petrol engine in 380PS/460Nm tune is capable of 0-60mph in 4.8-seconds on its way to an electronically limited top speed of 171 mph. It features Dynamic Mode, Dynamic Launch, Active Sports Exhaust, sports suspension with Adaptive Dynamics, Jaguar's High Performance Braking system (380/325mm discs front/rear) with red calipers and a mechanical limited-slip differential. Both Jaguar's Super Performance and CCM braking systems are optional. The F-Type S Coupé is fitted as standard with 19in Propeller wheels, leather sports seats and a leather steering wheel with Ignis paddles.
All F-Type models - Coupé and Convertible - are equipped with Jaguar's Intelligent Stop/Start system which, when conditions allow, automatically shuts down the engine when the car comes to a halt and the driver's foot is on the brake pedal. When the brake is released, the system can restart the engine in less time than it takes for the driver's foot to move from the brake to the accelerator. The system offers fuel economy and emissions benefits of up to 5 per cent.
The F-Type Coupé model range is available with three audio systems, two of which come from globally recognised British experts Meridian. These offer either 10 or 12 loudspeakers with outputs of 380W and 770W respectively. The Meridian systems benefit from the company's huge experience in digital signal processing to create audio reproduction that is second to none. The top of the range offering also features Meridian's proprietary Trifield technology, which delivers an authentic and consistent surround sound to both occupants.
CARBON CERAMIC MATRIX BRAKES
The F-Type R and S Coupé models have an exclusive option of Carbon Ceramic Matrix (CCM) brakes. Vivid yellow monoblock calipers - six-piston at the front and four-piston at the rear - grip 398mm front and 380mm rear brake discs made from a matrix of carbon fibre and ceramic, which is extremely hard and highly resistant to wear.
The CCM system offers consistent performance and excellent fade resistance even during sustained extreme driving conditions, while retaining the precise pedal feel of the standard system. Reduced wear and tear in day-to-day driving also means extended disc life.
CCM brakes offer considerable weight savings over standard steel brakes - the overall 21kg reduction in unsprung weight further enhancing handling dynamics. As CCM brakes generate more surface temperature than steel brakes, open-air intakes on the bumper and deflectors on the anti-roll bar direct increased airflow to the braking system - the attention to detail even extending to the use of new, heat-resistant valve caps.
CCM brakes feature a pre-fill system function that applies a low brake pressure to all four calipers when the throttle is released - and before the brake pedal is pressed again. The pre-fill system ensures a consistent brake pedal feel, and is tuned for speed proportionality. This means that at higher speeds it will give a consistently sharp, confidence-inspiring response, while at low car park type speeds the system will provide a more comfort-biased pedal feel.

Specify CCM brakes and the F-Type R or S Coupé will come with 20in 'Storm' wheels. As standard these are in a satin grey anthracite finish, but an optional, forged version with gloss black/diamond-turned finish is offered.

Ford Mustang GT (2015)


The next chapter in the life of the iconic pony car begins as the all-new Ford Mustang - loaded with innovative technologies and delivering world-class levels of performance - is simultaneously revealed around the globe in six cities on four continents.
"Ford Mustang inspires passion like no other car," said Raj Nair, Ford group vice president, global product development. "The visceral look, sound and performance of Mustang resonates with people, even if they've never driven one. Mustang is definitely more than just a car - it is the heart and soul of Ford."
Ford Mustang's impact goes well beyond the 9 million-plus cars sold in its 50 years of continuous production. It has made thousands of appearances in film, television, music and video games, and is the world's most-liked vehicle on Facebook. For the first time ever, Ford will bring Mustang to customers in key parts of Europe and Asia.
"We crafted this car with the goal of creating a contemporary interpretation of Mustang - an American automotive icon that symbolizes optimism and freedom for millions of people around the world," said Jim Farley, executive vice president of Ford global marketing, sales and service and Lincoln.
All-new shape, yet unmistakably Mustang
The clean-sheet design of both Mustang fastback and convertible evokes the essential character of the brand, retaining key design elements - including the long sculpted hood and short rear deck - with contemporary execution.


"You only get one chance to make a first impression, and when you see this car you immediately see a Mustang strong and true," said Moray Callum, Ford executive director, design, The Americas.
Several key design features define the all-new Ford Mustang, including:
  • A lower, wider stance with a reduction in roof height, and wider rear fenders and track
  • The return of Mustang fastback with a sleeker profile enabled by more steeply sloped windshield and rear glass
  • Three-dimensional, tri-bar taillamps with sequential turn signals
  • Contemporary execution of the signature shark-bite front fascia and trapezoidal grille
Mustang convertible drivers will appreciate the standard multilayer insulated cloth top that gives the car a more upscale appearance and a quieter cabin. The new top lowers twice as fast as before, and has a sleeker profile when folded for open-air motoring.
The information and controls an active driver needs are all readily accessible in the aviation-inspired cockpit, which is executed with the highest degree of craftsmanship ever found in a Mustang. Large, clear instrumentation puts vehicle information right in front of the driver in the roomier cabin, while improved ergonomics and tactile switches and knobs provide better control. The added width and a new rear suspension contribute to improved shoulder and hip room for passengers, and a more usefully shaped trunk can accommodate two golf bags.
The Ford Mustang experience
The way Mustang looks, drives and sounds is key to the visceral experience that makes drivers just want to get in and hit the road. With more options to choose from, there is a Mustang to fit any lifestyle. The upgraded V6 and V8 are joined by an all-new 2.3-liter EcoBoost® engine that brings state-of-the-art technology to Mustang.
Ford Mustang GT continues with the latest edition of the throaty 5.0-liter V8, now featuring an upgraded valvetrain and cylinder heads that yield more than 420 horsepower (426 PS) and 390 lb.-ft. (529 Nm) of torque. A new intake manifold improves low-speed breathing for better fuel economy, idle stability and emissions.
"This EcoBoost engine delivers where a Mustang driver expects it to, with a broad, flat torque curve that pours out when you stand on it for easy passing or hustling down a twisty road," said Dave Pericak, Ford Mustang chief engineer.
The Mustang EcoBoost engine uses direct injection, variable cam timing and turbocharging to deliver plenty of usable performance and projected segment-leading fuel efficiency. A unique intake manifold and turbocharger housing enable it to deliver the performance Mustang drivers expect with output projected at more than 305 horsepower (309 PS) and 300 lb.-ft. (407 Nm) of torque.
With at least 300 horsepower (304 PS) and 270 lb.-ft. (366 Nm) of torque on tap from the standard 3.7-liter V6, even the most accessible Mustang delivers the performance customers expect.
Drivers will appreciate smoother shifts from the updated manual gearbox, while a reworked automatic transmission features new steering wheel-mounted shift paddles for drivers who want the choice between convenience and control.
Most nimble pony ever
When life throws drivers a curve, the all-new Mustang sets new handling benchmarks for the brand, delivering world-class dynamics and ride quality.
"We already set a very high standard for Mustang's dynamics with Boss 302, and our goal was to go above and beyond that with this new car," said Pericak.
Mustang features all-new front and rear suspension systems. At the front, a new perimeter subframe helps to stiffen the structure while reducing mass, providing a better foundation for more predictable wheel control that benefits handling, steering and ride.
The new double-ball-joint front MacPherson strut system also enables the use of larger, more powerful brakes. This is expected to be the best stopping Mustang yet, with three available brake packages.
At the rear is an all-new integral-link independent rear suspension. The geometry, springs, dampers and bushings all have been specifically modified and tuned for this high-performance application. New aluminum rear knuckles help reduce unsprung mass for improved ride and handling.
Smarter than your average pony
The all-new Ford Mustang features a significant amount of innovative technologies providing drivers with enhanced information, control and connectivity when they want it. From Intelligent Access with push-button start to SYNC® and MyKey® in every Mustang built, plus available Track Apps, MyColor gauges and new Shaker Pro audio system, drivers will be able to customize their time behind the wheel.
The feeling of freedom and confidence Mustang instills in its drivers is amplified when they can take control of how the car behaves. On a twisty back road or a weekend track day, the driver can tap the toggle switches on the console to quickly adjust steering effort, engine response, and transmission and electronic stability control settings using the available Selectable Drive Modes to create the perfect Mustang at any time.
The advanced new Ford-developed stability control system is tuned to maximize Mustang's dynamic capabilities. When the time comes to turn up the wick at the track, Ford Mustang GT includes standard launch control that enables drivers to achieve smooth, consistent starts every time.
When it's time to back off and relax for the drive home, available advanced driver-assist features including Blind Spot Information System with cross-traffic alert and adaptive cruise control can help ease the load, while SYNC AppLink™ lets drivers control their smartphone apps to listen to their favorite form of entertainment.
50 years of Mustang
April 17, 2014, marks the 50th anniversary of the introduction of the original Ford Mustang and each 2015 model celebrates the milestone with a badge on the instrument panel that includes the galloping pony logo and the words "Mustang - Since 1964." Mustang will continue to be built in the United States at Flat Rock Assembly Plant.
"From day one, we knew if we were going to build a new Mustang, we had to do it right," said Pericak. "We built a new Mustang from the ground up that is quicker, better-looking, more refined and more efficient, without losing any of the raw appeal that people have associated with Mustang for half a century."
Less is more, EcoBoost comes to Mustang
The new 2.3-liter EcoBoost engine brings turbocharging to the Mustang powertrain lineup. Designed to meet the needs of drivers looking for outstanding performance and projected best-in-class fuel efficiency, this EcoBoost engine has been developed specifically for Mustang. The intake manifold and turbocharger housing are optimized to provide better breathing and higher output in Mustang.
With a projected 305-plus horsepower and 300-plus lb.-ft. of torque, this EcoBoost engine fits the bill for a true Mustang powerplant.
"This EcoBoost engine delivers the healthy output that Mustang drivers expect regardless of the speed," said Scott Makowksi, EcoBoost powertrain engineering manager. "This EcoBoost engine might be small in displacement, but it delivers where a Mustang driver expects it with a broad, flat torque curve and great driveability under any conditions."
The newest member of Ford's global family of EcoBoost engines, the 2.3-liter continues to take advantage of state-of-the-art technologies including direct fuel injection, twin independent variable camshaft timing and turbocharging to produce big-engine power and torque with improved fuel efficiency.
This is the first Ford engine to utilize a low-inertia twin-scroll turbocharger that provides quicker boost response while enabling lower emissions and improved efficiency. The cylinder head features an integrated exhaust manifold that separates the inner and outer pairs of cylinders into each inlet passage to the turbo.
Keeping the exhaust pulses separated from the next cylinder in the firing order eliminates mixing losses and maximizes pulse energy to the turbine wheel. The result is quicker torque delivery when the driver needs it for passing maneuvers and similar performance to a twin-turbocharger configuration.
The separated exhaust ports also enable the exhaust valves to stay open longer for reduced pumping losses that improve specific fuel consumption by about 1 percent.
With more than 305 horsepower and 300 lb.-ft. of torque pumped out from such a small engine, in a car where drivers are more inclined to use it, ensuring durability was critical. Enhancements to the Mustang EcoBoost engine to withstand the added stresses include:
  • Forged-steel crankshaft
  • Piston-cooling jets
  • Steel piston ring carriers
  • Premium bearing materials
  • Upgraded valve seat materials
  • Forged-steel connecting rods
  • High-pressure die-cast aluminum cylinder block with ladder-frame bearing caps
  • Deep-sump, die-cast aluminum oil pan

The beating heart of a pony
No Ford Mustang engine lineup would be complete without a great V8 engine at its core. The 5.0-liter V8 powers into a new generation with a host of upgrades that enable it to breathe better, especially at higher engine speeds. Many of these changes are derived from the lessons learned in developing the special edition 2013 Mustang Boss 302.
Getting air into the cylinders and exhaust out is the key to generating more power and torque from any engine, and that has been the focus of development on the V8, which features:
  • Larger intake valves
  • Larger exhaust valves
  • Revised intake camshafts
  • Revised exhaust camshafts
  • Stiffer valve springs - ensures that the valves close completely at high rpm
  • New cylinder-head casting - revised ports that provide a straighter path to the valves for less-restrictive intake and exhaust flow; combustion chamber modifications accommodate larger valves
  • Sinter forged connecting rods - lighter and more durable for high-rpm operation
  • Redesigned piston tops - deeper cutouts clear the new larger valves
  • Rebalanced forged crankshaft - supports higher-rpm operation
These upgrades are projected to generate more than 420 horsepower and 390 lb.-ft. of torque.



A new intake manifold includes charge motion control valves to partially close off port flow at lower engine speeds. This increases the air charge tumble and swirl for improved air-fuel mixing. This results in better fuel economy, idle stability and lower emissions.
The variable camshaft timing on the intake side now has a greater range of adjustment available thanks to mid-lock phasers. This enables better optimized control of the valve timing over a broader range of engine speeds and loads for improved fuel economy and emissions
Transmissions
More than most drivers, Mustang owners like to take control and shift for themselves. Whether they select a fully manual gearbox or the updated automatic transmission, the experience will be better than in any previous pony.
The Getrag manual has a new shift linkage design for shorter throws and improved precision. The shift lever is now positioned closer to the driver and away from the cup-holders so the driver has a clear path for shifting.


Mustang blends outstanding all-around performance and everyday usability. Drivers who prefer to let the car handle the shifting during their daily work run, but still want to take control when the roads get twisty, will appreciate the new steering-wheel-mounted shift paddles with rev-matching downshifts that are now standard with the Select-Shift six-speed automatic transmission.
The automatic also features a redesigned case with cast-in ribs that help make it stiffer and reduce the weight. Internally clutches have been optimized and operating temperature has been increased to reduce friction. The output shaft is now supported by a ball-bearing that enables a top speed of 155 mph for Mustang GT.
With a choice of powertrains to match driving styles and lifestyles, the new Mustang has contemporary technology under the hood to match its modern design and remain quintessentially Mustang.


Wednesday, September 21, 2011

Lexus LFA


The new Lexus LFA marks an important moment in both the history of Lexus and the development of the supercar. A true "clean-sheet" design, the Lexus LFA was created by a small, passionate and dedicated team of engineers whose achievement has been to push the boundaries of technologies materials and engineering at every stage to produce a car like no other to have carried the Lexus badge.
Constructed using advanced carbon fibre technology, the rear-wheel drive Lexus LFA is powered by a bespoke, high-revving 552bhp 4.8-litre naturally aspirated V10 engine, matched to a rear-mounted six-speed sequential automatic transmission, giving 200mph-plus performance.
In the words of Chief Engineer Haruhiko Tanahashi: "The Lexus LFA is a thoroughbred supercar, a machine engineered to achieve a single goal - to deliver a supreme driving experience. Over the past decade we have pushed every boundary in pursuit of this goal and I believe we have created the most driver-orientated car we possibly could."

CARBON FIBRE CONSTRUCTION
Keeping the car's weight to an absolute minimum was one of the defining elements in the development of the Lexus LFA and this led to the decision to switch from using aluminium for the car's construction to advanced Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) for the chassis and bodywork.
Moreover, Lexus decided the CFRP structure should be built in-house rather than by a third-party supplier. In doing so, it drew on Toyota Motor Corporation's heritage in textile weaving technology to push the boundaries of its technical abilities, developing new carbon fibre looms and a laser system for monitoring the integrity of the material.


ENGINE
The heart of the Lexus LFA is a bespoke, naturally aspirated V10 engine that sets new standards for compact dimensions, lightweight architecture and scintillating performance. From the outset it was determined the engine should have a 4,805cc capacity, develop 552bhp and rev to a wailing 9,000rpm red line. A 72-degree angle between the cylinder heads is ideal for achieving balance in the engine for exceptionally smooth running, while providing individual, electronically controlled throttle bodies for each cylinder gives excellent throttle response.
Using a dry sump lubrication system allows the block to be positioned deep in the engine bay, lowering the car's centre of gravity and moment of inertia, and enabling the engine to handle sustained, high-speed cornering.
The V10 produces 480Nm of torque at 6,800rpm, 90 per cent of which is available from 3,700rpm all the way to the 9,000rpm red line, thanks to Dual VVT-i technology, equal length exhaust manifolds and high-volume, 12-hole fuel injectors. This gives searing in-hear acceleration at all engine speeds and in any gear: nought to 62mph takes just 3.7 seconds and maximum speed is 202mph.
With a kerb weight of 1,480kg, the Lexus LFA has a power to weight ratio of 373bhp per tonne, while specific output of 115bhp per litre is among the highest of any current supercar, aided by a high, 12:1 compression ratio, low friction internals and optimised intake and exhaust flow.
In spite of its potency, the V10 is an object lesson in compact and lightweight packaging, being about the same size as a regular V8 engine and weighing about as much as conventional V6. It is also as reliable and refined as any other Lexus power plan and exceeds Euro 5 emissions standards.
The engine was developed in conjunction with Yamaha through the established collaborative partnership between Toyota Motor Corporation and the Japanese specialist engineering company.



TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
  • ENGINE
    • Engine Type: 1LR-GSE
    • Cylinders/arrangement: V10
    • Valve mechanism: 40-valve DOHC
    • Displacement: 4,805 cc
    • Bore x Stroke: 88.0 x 79.0 mm
    • Compression ratio: 12.0:1
    • Fuel Injection Type: EFI
    • Octane Rating : 95 or higher
    • Max. Power: 552 bhp @ 8,700 rpm
    • Max Torque: 480 Nm @ 6,800 rpm
    • Max. engine speed: 9,000 rpm
    • Exhaust emissions certification: Euro 5

  • PERFORMANCE
    • 0-62 mph (0-100 km/h): 3.7 s
    • Max. speed: 202 mph (325 km/h)
  • DIMENSIONS
    • Overall length: 4,505 mm
    • Overall width: 1,895 mm
    • Overall height: 1,220 mm
    • Wheelbase: 2,605 mm
    • Track
      • front: 1,580 mm
      • rear: 1,570 mm
    • Overhang
      • front: 940 mm
      • rear: 960 mm
    • Coefficient of Drag: 0.31 Cd
    • Fuel tank capacity: 73 l (16.1 gallons)
  • WEIGHTS (kg)
    • Kerb weight: 1,480 - 1,580 kg
    • Gross vehicle weight: 1,700/1,750 kg
  • TRANSMISSION
    • Gearbox type: 6-speed Automated Sequential Gearbox
    • Front counter gear ratio: 1.259
    • Gear ratios
      • 1st: 3.231
      • 2nd: 2.188
      • 3rd: 1.609
      • 4th: 1.233
      • 5th: 0.970
      • 6th: 0.795
    • Final drive ratio: 3.417
    • Maximum permissible speed
      • 1st: 52 mph
      • 2nd: 76 mph
      • 3rd: 104 mph
      • 4th: 136 mph
      • 5th: 172 mph
      • 6th: -
  • BRAKES
    • Front: Cross-drilled ventilated discs, 399 x 34 mm
    • Rear:  Cross-drilled ventilated discs, 360 x 28 mm

MANUFACTURING AND SALES
The Lexus LFA programme was launched in 2000 as a straightforward R&D project, but gained impetus with the appointment of Haruhiko Tanahashi to lead a dedicated team of engineers, committed to a bespoke Lexus development programme. The first Lexus LFA prototypewas completed in 2003 and a design study made its public debut at the 2005 Detroit motor show. In 2008 and 2009 the Lexus LFA was entered in the Nurburgring 24-hour race, the intention being to push the car hard under testing conditions prior to its official launch as a production-ready model at the 2009 Tokyo motor show.
The Lexus LFA will be hand-assembled at the Motomachi plant in Toyota City. Only 500 examples will be built, at a maximum rate of 20 per month to ensure the finest build quality and attention to detail. Each V10 engine will be assembled by a single engineer, and will bear his signature as testament to each Lexus LFA's bespoke status.
The UK launch price for the Lexus LFA is €368,000 (approximately £336,000). Owners can choose from an extensive range of options to personalise their car, including 30 different paint finishes. Certain items of standard equipment can also be removed, such as the audio system, to reduce the car's weight.


Saturday, March 5, 2011

Nissan GT-R Egoist 2011


If 530 PS, one of the world's most advanced four-wheel drive chassis, and supercar rarity value are not enough, Nissan has the answer: the Egoist, the ultimate expression of the famed Nissan GT-R, lovingly created for each owner using only the finest materials.
This exclusive version - specially created by 'father' of the Nissan GT-R, chief vehicle engineer Kazutoshi Mizuno - has a hand-crafted interior using only the best quality hides, a Bose sound system tailored to the owner's exact dimensions and other features that showcase ancient Japanese art forms.
Such is the care and attention to detail given to every aspect of the car that the hand-painted badge on the steering wheel, for example, takes several days to create.
It is little wonder, then, that the Nissan GT-R Egoist, which is built only to special order, is reassuringly expensive and, as a result, is aimed at a very select audience.
"Exclusivity is something the wealthy have come to expect. And while the standard GT-R will never be commonplace, the Egoist combines genuine rarity with the most exclusive materials," said Pierre Loing, Vice President Product Strategy and Planning, Nissan International SA.
"It is meticulously assembled by hand-picked craftsmen and thanks to the range of interior and exterior colour combinations available it is unlikely that two Nissan GT-R Egoist models will ever be exactly the same."

Nissan GT-R Egoist in detail
The Egoist has been developed from the 2011 version of the Nissan GT-R, which itself boasts a number of significant improvements to the engine, chassis and aerodynamics.
Revisions to the twin turbocharged 3.8-litre V6 give more power and torque - up from 485 to 530PS and 588 to 612Nm respectively - along with lower emissions and improved fuel consumption. Enhanced aerodynamics have increased downforce by 10 per cent while chassis and damper changes have sharpened the handling and smoothed the ride.

Ford Mustang Shelby GT500 (2011)


The 2011 Ford Mustang Shelby GT500 is powered by an all-new aluminum-block 5.4-liter supercharged V-8 engine, which produces 550 horsepower and 510 ft.-lb. of torque, a 10 horsepower increase versus the 2010 model. The engine also is 102 pounds lighter than its predecessor, delivering a better power-to-weight ratio, improved fuel economy, acceleration, handling and steering precision.
"Cutting weight to improve performance is a tradition among hot rodders," said Carroll Shelby, founder of Shelby American. "It might not be as sexy as adding more horsepower or bigger brakes, but shaving pounds off of a car is the single smartest move you can make."
The new engine uses state-of-the-art Plasma Transferred Wire Arc (PTWA) liner coating, a process that applies a 150-micron composite coating that contains nanoparticles on the internal surfaces of engine cylinder bores, replacing cast-iron liners typically used in aluminum engine blocks. The Intellectual Property Owners Education Foundation honored the inventors of the Ford-patented PTWA technology with the 2009 National Inventor of the Year Award.

This is the first Ford application of the technology, and it offers improved overall performance and durability, along with functional benefits of reduced friction between piston rings and cylinder bores, improved heat transfer due to increased surface contact area and a weight savings of 8.5 pounds compared to a typical steel-sleeved aluminum block. A mechanical roughening process provides higher material adhesion for the spray coating.
The PTWA process uses air and electricity to create a plasma jet of 35,000 degrees Fahrenheit, which melts a steel wire that is fed into a rotating spray gun. Using atomized air, the melted steel wire is blown into a specially machined surface of the aluminum-block engine cylinder bore. In the process of melting and applying the metal to the surface, the steel wire oxidizes, creating a composite coating consisting of both iron and iron oxide.
"Ford's Global Research and Advanced Engineering looks to all industries for advanced technologies - and this comes from aerospace. It's the same technology you would find on aircraft engines," said Glenn Jorgensen, SVT powertrain team leader. "We've invented a coating as a replacement for cast iron that delivers improvements in power and performance and fuel economy."
The new engine also has its roots in the iconic Ford GT. The new 5.4-liter engine is an evolution of the GT engine, with improved block structure through the use of a unique bulkhead chilled process and six-bolt billet main bearing caps. This new advanced engine will exceed Ford GT performance with its traditional supercharger technology.
"The Ford GT has solidified itself as one of the world's most coveted supercars. To make improvements to the engine from this supercar and make it available in a Mustang is impressive," said Kerry Baldori, SVT global performance vehicle chief functional engineer. "The aluminum-block engine is robust and strong enough to produce the performance numbers and durability our customers demand."



Increased power and increased fuel economy
The 2011 Ford Mustang Shelby GT500 combines power and fuel economy into one impressive package. This 2011 Shelby GT500 will be the first modern Shelby without the gas guzzler tax, thanks to the EPA-projected 23 mpg highway and 15 mpg city it will deliver. This is up from 22 mpg highway and 14 mpg city for the 2010 model.
The 5.4-liter V-8 achieves 80 percent of its torque between 1,750 and 6,250 rpm, giving the car a higher level of performance feel. A larger two-row intercooler for the supercharger system has 40 percent more cooling capacity, helping to make power more consistent in higher ambient conditions.
Fuel economy gains come from the new 102-pound-lighter aluminum-block engine, EPAS and detailed aerodynamic changes to the underside of the vehicle.

Increased power and increased fuel economy
The 2011 Ford Mustang Shelby GT500 combines power and fuel economy into one impressive package. This 2011 Shelby GT500 will be the first modern Shelby without the gas guzzler tax, thanks to the EPA-projected 23 mpg highway and 15 mpg city it will deliver. This is up from 22 mpg highway and 14 mpg city for the 2010 model.
The 5.4-liter V-8 achieves 80 percent of its torque between 1,750 and 6,250 rpm, giving the car a higher level of performance feel. A larger two-row intercooler for the supercharger system has 40 percent more cooling capacity, helping to make power more consistent in higher ambient conditions.
Fuel economy gains come from the new 102-pound-lighter aluminum-block engine, EPAS and detailed aerodynamic changes to the underside of the vehicle.


Ford Mustang Boss 302 Laguna Seca (2012)


"The Ford Mustang Boss 302 Laguna Seca puts a race-ready version of the new Ford Mustang Boss 302 directly into enthusiasts' hands," said Mark Fields, Ford president of The Americas. "Laguna Seca isn't intended for Boss buyers who simply want an exhilarating daily driver. Think of it like a factory-built race car, which we hope avid racers and track-day fans are going to love."
Ford Mustang Boss 302 Laguna Seca builds on the bumper-to-bumper improvements found on the standard Boss while further stiffening the chassis and installing an aerodynamics package carried over almost in its entirety from the Ford Racing Boss 302R.
"Drivers who know how to get the most from a tuned race car on a closed course are going to be amazed by what the Laguna Seca is capable of," said Derrick Kuzak, group vice president, Global Product Development. "The balance, agility and tuning of each vehicle system places the driver at the center of the machine, completely connected to everything the car is doing."


Chassis enhancements
Ford Mustang Boss 302 Laguna Seca cars are powered by the same smooth, high-winding 440-hp 5.0-liter V8 as the standard Boss, since the engine was already tuned specifically for road racing. Instead, engineers turned their attention toward delivering power to the ground most efficiently, and getting the car around a track in the quickest possible time.
"When we built the Boss, we had to step back and ask ourselves 'How do we improve on this?'" said David Pericak, Ford Mustang chief engineer. "That car is so strong we realized the Laguna Seca package was going to have to be just a fraction of a step back from the Ford Racing 302R to top it. So we went back and threw daily-driver practicality out the window, cut some things we couldn't cut on the volume model, like the back seat, and built it the way we would set up a production Boss for pure competition."
Ford Mustang Boss 302 Laguna Seca cars eliminate the rear seats, instead adding a cross-car X-brace that couples the structure between the rear wheels. The brace offers chassis stiffness improvements of as much as 10 percent and allows the suspension tuning - precisely calibrated by Mustang team members - to better do its job.
Standard Recaro front seats were designed by Ford SVT in cooperation with Recaro for high performance Mustang models, and are shared between the Boss and GT500. An Alcantara-covered race steering wheel provides a solid grip for hard cornering.
Engine power routes through a six-speed close-ratio manual gearbox to a standard 3.73-ratio Torsen limited-slip differential, helping the revised rear suspension deliver maximum torque and traction under the punishing conditions encountered on the track.
Higher spring rates and a larger rear stabilizer bar - all upgraded over Boss specifications - help generate unrelenting grip. And drivers can dial in exactly the level of shock stiffness a particular track requires using the four standard, independently adjustable dampers with Laguna Seca-specific valving.
The final touch for a proper race car was to add the proper wheels and tires: Ford Mustang Boss 302 Laguna Seca models use lightweight 19-inch alloy racing wheels in staggered widths: 9 inches in front, 10 inches in the rear. R-compound ultra-high-performance tires, 255/40ZR-19 in the front, 285/35ZR-19 in the rear, maintain contact with the pavement - a job that ended up being trickier than expected.
"The R-compound tires on the Laguna Seca are so sticky we had to really work on the rear suspension tuning to make sure drivers can get the most out of them," explains Pericak. "The rear stabilizer bar is the largest we've ever installed on a production Mustang - including any SVT product. The rear spring rate was also maximized to work with the massive rear tires and balance the car for minimal lap times."
While standard Ford Mustang Boss 302 cars get vented brake dust shields to help cool the rotors, Laguna Seca models receive Ford Racing front brake ducts that force outside air directly onto the 14-inch vented front rotors, helping to eliminate brake fade and ensure hard, repeatable late braking on the track. Combined, the braking changes help refine the sense for drivers of being directly connected to the pads - an essential edge during car-to-car combat on a road course.
Added up, the further improvements to Ford Mustang Boss 302 Laguna Seca result in the best-handling Mustang ever, with more than 1.03 g of lateral acceleration, stopping distances shortened by three feet from 60 mph over Boss, 0-60 acceleration improvements of one tenth of a second, and an overall expected lap time improvement of one to two seconds over the standard Boss on a typical road course.

Bertone Jaguar B99 2011 Concept


A historic brand in automotive. A historic signature in design. Put the two together and you get an explosive new concept car called the Jaguar B99 which Bertone presented at the 2011 Geneva Motor Show.
The name B99 stands for B as in Bertone and 99 for the company near 100 year anniversary in 2012, one of the oldest design companies in the world. The concept projects Jaguar's classic style into the future with refined Bertone elegance, exploring a fascinating new form language with a "dynamic imbalance" between parallel lines and leaping forms. The result is a compact, four-door sedan (4.5 m long, 1.35 m tall, 1.95 m wide, 2.8 m wheelbase) that fits perfectly into the D segment. Starting with a classic three-volume architecture, Bertone designers have shaped the taut, muscular body with bold yet refined character, entirely constructed with handmade aluminum panels in true Italian "coachbuilder" tradition. The unique personality of the luxury sports sedan is emphasized by the sophisticated minimalism outside and in, underlining the true nature of the British authenticity where understatement equals exclusiveness.
Bertone will present not only the luxury sedan in Geneva but also a full GT2 race version, maintaining the exceptional "double soul" tradition of the Jaguar brand, adding high speed aerodynamic appendages and aggressive graphics for continued success on the race track.

Technology: clean power
"Performance through innovation" is one of Jaguars slogans, and today more than ever powerful sports cars must find new responsible ways to offer both high performance and ecological sustainability. The Bertone Jaguar B99 concept is powered by a modular, Extended Range Hybrid system which futuristic utilizes twin 150kW (204 Cv) electric engines connected to the inboard side of the rear axle for propulsion and a lightweight 1.400 cm3 thermal engine producing 125 kW-170 Cv for range extension, giving a combined power output of 425 kW or 570 Cv. The thermal engine charges the Lithium-ion batteries while driving allowing for a theoretical range of 700 kilometers of highway driving between fill-ups with a carbon dioxide output of around 30 g Co2/km. The Bertone Jaguar B99 concept can also travel in full electric mode offering zero emissions for 100kms.